"Socialism: Utopian and Scientific" offers a shrewd, well-informed, and sympathetic interpretation of the work of the utopian socialists. All three began to write around 1800, published major works a decade later, and attracted followers who created Owenite, Saint-Simonian, and Fourierist movements in the 1820s and 1830s. Although these thinkers differed in significant ways-only Fourier was in any strict sense a utopian-all three attempted to find some solution for the social and economic dislocations caused by the French and Industrial Revolutions. The three principal utopian socialists were the Frenchmen Henri de Saint-Simon (1760–1825) and Charles Fourier (1772–1837) and the British factory owner Robert Owen (1771–1858). For Engels the term referred to a group of early-nineteenth-century social theories and movements that criticized nascent capitalism and contrasted to it visions of an ideal society of plenty and social harmony. The term utopian socialism was first given currency by Friedrich Engels in his pamphlet "Socialism: Utopian and Scientific" (1880). UTOPIAN SOCIALISM features of utopian socialism
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